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The paper presents data on the mineral and chemical composition of tonstein in the Early Cretaceous Novy-1a coal seam of the Kharanorskoe deposit located in the southeast of Eastern Siberia (Russia). The mineral composition of the tonstein is represented by kaolinite, quartz, and feldspar. Accessory minerals are zircon, ilmenite, monazite-(Ce), and xenotime-(Y). The tonstein is characterized by high concentrations of Ga, Nb, Hf, Ta, Hg, Th, and U. The highest concentrations of rare trace elements in the coal, and especially in the coal ash of the Novy-1a seam, are localized in the areas of contact between the tonstein and the coal. The enrichment with rare earth elements (REE) Zr, Nb, Y, Ta, Hf, Th, and U is the most significant. The range of elements and their concentration in the tonstein and in the coal ash at the contact with the interlayer confirm the conclusions about the nature and initial composition of the pyroclastics that formed the tonstein and indicate the important role of volcanism in the formation of geochemical specialization of coal deposits. Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the studied tonstein indicate its formation from volcanic ash of alkaline composition

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